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Laboratory Studies

Laboratory testing answers a specific clinical question about infection, renal function, metabolic complications, endocrine disease, nutrition or procedural risk. Results are interpreted with the collection method, symptoms, reconstructed anatomy, medication use and comorbidity. The articles separate useful testing from low-yield screening and note where conventional thresholds need qualification.

  • Urine StudiesUrinalysis, urine culture and other urine tests, including interpretation after diversion or augmentation.
  • Renal Function & Metabolic SurveillanceKidney function and metabolic monitoring for patients with bowel-based urinary reconstruction or neurogenic bladder.
  • Hormonal AssessmentTestosterone testing and clinical diagnostic criteria, selected gonadotropin/prolactin testing, hematocrit on TRT, and PSA interpretation during 5-ARI or gender-affirming treatment.
  • Preoperative LabsWhich preoperative labs to order and which to skip, based on the procedure and the patient.
  • Nutritional AssessmentLab tests, screening tools and body-composition measures to assess nutrition before major reconstruction.