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Intestinal Segments

Bowel segments (ileum, sigmoid, ileocecal) used in urinary tract reconstruction leverage intestinal mucosal properties, bulk availability, and native blood supply. Transferred as vascularized pedicle (not a graft in the strictest sense) but included here as a tissue-substitution resource.

See the overview article for the reference summary: Grafts in GU Reconstruction, and the anatomy article: Bowel Anatomy. Bowel anastomosis technique is covered in Bowel Anastomosis.

Ileum​

Stub — to be built out.

  • Compliance characteristics
  • Mucus production
  • Pedicle length

Applications​

  • Ileocystoplasty (bladder augmentation)
  • Orthotopic neobladder (Studer, W-pouch, Hautmann)
  • Ileal conduit urinary diversion

Sigmoid Colon​

Stub — to be built out.

Applications​

  • Sigmoid bladder augmentation
  • McIndoe sigmoid neovagina
  • Colon conduit

Ileocecal Segment​

Stub — to be built out.

Applications​

  • Ileocecal augmentation (Mainz pouch)
  • Continent cutaneous diversion

Metabolic Complications​

Stub — to be built out.

  • Hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis
  • Mucus production → catheter occlusion, UTI
  • Vitamin B12 deficiency (terminal ileum)
  • Long-term malignancy risk in augmented bladder (surveillance)

References​

Stub — to be built out.